Soil Science explores the physical, chemical, biological, and fertility properties of soils. It covers soil formation, classification, management, and conservation. The course emphasizes understanding soil's role in agriculture, ecosystem sustainability, and environmental quality, equipping students with knowledge for sustainable land use and crop production.

Horticulture is the science and art of cultivating plants, focusing on fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants. The course covers plant propagation, soil management, pest control, landscaping, and greenhouse techniques. It blends theoretical knowledge and practical skills to promote sustainable practices in crop production, enhancing food security and aesthetic environments.